Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Verified for the 2026 exam
Verified for the 2026 exam•Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Definition
The psychosocial theory is a developmental framework proposed by Erik Erikson that emphasizes the interplay between social factors and psychological processes in shaping human development across the lifespan.
In infancy (stage 1), babies learn to trust or mistrust others based on consistent care they receive from caregivers.
Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt: In early childhood (stage 2), children strive for independence but can experience shame and doubt if their efforts are met with criticism or restriction.
Industry vs. Inferiority: In middle childhood (stage 4), children develop a sense of competence and industry through mastering new skills, or they may feel inferior if they struggle to meet expectations.