Written by the Fiveable Content Team โข Last updated August 2025
Verified for the 2026 exam
Verified for the 2026 examโขWritten by the Fiveable Content Team โข Last updated August 2025
Definition
MDMA, commonly known as Ecstasy, is a synthetic psychoactive drug that alters mood and perception. It increases the release of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine in the brain, resulting in feelings of euphoria and increased empathy.
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that regulates mood, sleep, appetite, and other bodily functions. It plays a significant role in producing feelings of happiness and well-being.
Dopamine is another neurotransmitter involved in motivation, pleasure, reward, and movement. Elevated dopamine levels contribute to the intense pleasure experienced with MDMA use.
Norepinephrine is both a neurotransmitter and stress hormone responsible for increasing attention and arousal. Its release during MDMA use can lead to heightened sensations and increased energy levels.