Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Verified for the 2026 exam
Verified for the 2026 exam•Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Definition
A false belief refers to a belief that is not based on reality or facts, even when there is strong evidence contradicting it. It is an incorrect perception or understanding of the world.
Confirmation bias refers to the tendency of people to seek out and interpret information in a way that confirms their preexisting beliefs. It can contribute to the persistence of false beliefs.
Cognitive dissonance occurs when someone holds two conflicting beliefs or experiences discomfort due to contradictory information. People may try to resolve cognitive dissonance by either changing their belief or finding new information that supports it.
Illusory Truth Effect: The illusory truth effect is the phenomenon where repeated exposure to false information increases its perceived truthfulness. This effect can make it difficult for individuals to let go of false beliefs even when presented with contradictory evidence.