Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Verified for the 2026 exam
Verified for the 2026 exam•Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Definition
Bipolar disorders are brain disorders that cause changes in a person's mood, energy and ability to function. People with bipolar disorders have extreme and intense emotional states that occur at distinct times, called mood episodes.
Related terms
Bipolar I Disorder: This is characterized by one or more manic episodes or mixed episodes (symptoms of both mania and depression) and one or more major depressive episodes.
This involves one or more major depressive episodes accompanied by at least one hypomanic episode (a milder form of mania).
Cyclothymic Disorder: A chronic but less severe form of bipolar disorder where individuals experience numerous periods with hypomanic symptoms and numerous periods with depressive symptoms lasting for at least two years.