Moment of inertia (I): Moment of inertia is a measure of an object's resistance to changes in its rotational motion. It depends on both the mass distribution and shape of the object.
Angular velocity (w): Angular velocity represents how fast an object rotates around an axis. It is measured in radians per second.
Torque:Torque is a twisting force that causes objects to rotate. It depends on both the applied force and the distance from the axis of rotation.