Transformers

Definition

Transformers are devices that transfer electrical energy between two or more circuits using electromagnetic induction. They consist of two coils of wire called primary and secondary windings, which are wrapped around an iron core.

Related terms

Step-up transformer: A step-up transformer increases voltage from the primary winding to the secondary winding, resulting in lower current but higher potential difference.

Step-down transformer: A step-down transformer decreases voltage from the primary winding to the secondary winding, resulting in higher current but lower potential difference.

Turns ratio: The turns ratio of a transformer refers to the ratio between the number of turns in its primary winding and its secondary winding. It determines how much voltage will be transformed.