Closed systems refer to physical systems that do not exchange matter with their surroundings but can exchange energy with them. These systems are isolated from their environment in terms of matter transfer.
Related terms
Open Systems: Physical systems that can exchange both matter and energy with their surroundings.
Principles stating that certain properties (such as mass, energy, or momentum) remain constant within a closed system unless acted upon by external forces.
Thermodynamics: The study of energy transformations and transfers in closed systems.