🎡ap physics 1 review

Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law

Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Verified for the 2026 exam
Verified for the 2026 examWritten by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025

Definition

Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL) states that in any closed loop within an electrical circuit, the sum of all voltages across the components is equal to zero. It is based on the principle of conservation of energy.