Minor 7th chord (mm)

Definition

A Minor 7th chord (mm) is a four-note chord that consists of a minor triad and a minor seventh above the root. This chord is built from the root, minor third, perfect fifth, and minor seventh, creating a rich, somewhat somber sound that adds depth to musical compositions. It is commonly used in various genres, particularly jazz, and serves as a key component in the harmonic language of music.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Minor 7th chord can be notated as 'Cm7' for C minor 7th, indicating its root note and quality.
2. In jazz, the Minor 7th chord is frequently used to create tension and resolve into major chords or other related harmonies.
3. This chord typically has a more complex sound than a simple minor triad because of the addition of the seventh interval.
4. When functioning in a progression, the Minor 7th chord often serves as the ii chord in a ii-V-I progression in jazz and other styles.
5. The voicing of a Minor 7th chord can vary widely, as musicians often rearrange the order of notes or add extensions for different textures.

Review Questions

• How does the structure of a Minor 7th chord contribute to its unique sound compared to other seventh chords?
  • A Minor 7th chord is comprised of a root, minor third, perfect fifth, and minor seventh. This specific arrangement of intervals gives it a distinctively rich and complex sound compared to other seventh chords like the Dominant 7th, which includes a major third instead. The inclusion of the minor seventh adds tension that can resolve nicely into other chords, making it an important choice for composers looking to create emotional depth.
• In what ways does the Minor 7th chord function within common harmonic progressions in music?
  • The Minor 7th chord often functions as the ii chord in ii-V-I progressions, particularly in jazz. For example, in the key of C major, Dm7 would serve as the ii before moving to G7 (the V) and resolving to Cmaj7 (the I). This movement enhances harmonic interest and creates smooth transitions between chords, making it a staple in many compositions.
• Evaluate how the use of Minor 7th chords can affect the emotional impact of a piece of music.
  • The use of Minor 7th chords can significantly affect a piece's emotional landscape by introducing complexity and tension. These chords carry a somewhat somber or introspective quality that can evoke feelings of longing or melancholy. When composers incorporate these chords into their progressions, they add layers of meaning and depth, allowing listeners to connect emotionally with the music on a more profound level. Thus, understanding their role enhances both performance interpretation and compositional techniques.

Related terms

Minor Triad: A three-note chord formed by the root, minor third, and perfect fifth.

Seventh Chord: A chord that includes a triad plus an additional note, which is a seventh above the root.

Dominant 7th Chord: A four-note chord made up of a major triad and a minor seventh above the root, often leading to resolution in music.