Mediant Chord

Definition

The mediant chord is the triad built on the third scale degree of a key, commonly represented as 'iii' in major scales and 'III' in minor scales. It serves as an important harmonic function, often acting as a bridge between the tonic and dominant chords, and plays a significant role in modulating to different keys and adding emotional depth to progressions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In a major key, the mediant chord is formed from the notes of the third degree of the scale, creating a minor triad (e.g., in C major, the iii chord is E minor).
2. In a minor key, the mediant chord is formed from the third degree of the natural minor scale, resulting in a major triad (e.g., in A minor, the III chord is C major).
3. The mediant chord can often be used to modulate to related keys, making it useful for composers looking to create smooth transitions in their music.
4. Mediant chords add a unique color and emotional quality to progressions; they can evoke feelings of longing or nostalgia when used effectively.
5. In classical harmony, mediant chords frequently appear in sequences and can also serve as passing chords between other harmonic functions.

Review Questions

• How does the mediant chord function within a progression that includes tonic and dominant chords?
  • The mediant chord acts as a connecting link between the tonic and dominant chords by providing harmonic interest and smooth transitions. For instance, in a progression like I - iii - V - I, the iii chord adds variety and helps to create a more complex sound before resolving back to the tonic. This connection is vital for establishing musical tension and release within a piece.
• Discuss how mediant chords can influence modulation between keys within a piece of music.
  • Mediant chords are pivotal for modulation because they share common tones with both the original key and the target key. For example, when transitioning from C major to E minor, using the mediant E minor chord can facilitate this shift seamlessly. This allows composers to change keys without jarring contrasts, enhancing the overall cohesiveness of their work.
• Evaluate the emotional impact of using mediant chords in musical compositions compared to other harmonic functions.
  • Mediant chords create distinct emotional landscapes that differ from other harmonic functions like tonic or dominant chords. Their ability to evoke feelings of longing or unresolved tension makes them particularly effective for expressing complex emotions in music. By analyzing pieces that utilize mediant chords extensively, one can see how these harmonies contribute to narrative arcs within compositions, often serving as moments of introspection or transformation that enrich the listener's experience.

Related terms

Tonic Chord:

The chord built on the first scale degree, serving as the home base or point of resolution in tonal music.

Dominant Chord: The chord built on the fifth scale degree, known for creating tension that typically resolves back to the tonic.

Submediant Chord: The chord built on the sixth scale degree, often represented as 'vi' in major scales, which shares some similarities with the mediant chord in terms of its harmonic role.