Simple distillation is used when separating a pure liquid from impurities, not mixtures. It works best when the difference in boiling points is greater than 50 degrees Celsius.
Consider simple distillation as fishing with just one type of bait that only attracts one specific fish (the pure substance). All other species (impurities) aren't interested and stay behind.
Impurity: A substance in another substance (especially a small amount) that is not wanted or is considered to be harmful.
Purification: The process of removing unwanted substances from something.
Boiling Point Difference: The difference in temperature at which two substances change from liquid to gas.
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