NO³⁻: This is the conjugate base formed when nitric acid loses a proton (H+). It has a charge of -1 and consists of one nitrogen atom bonded to three oxygen atoms.
H₂O: Water acts as both an acid and a base in chemical reactions like this one. In this equation, water can accept the proton donated by nitric acid, forming hydronium ion (H3O+).
H2SO4: Sulfuric acid is another strong acid that can donate protons in water. It has two sulfate ions (SO4²⁻) and donates two protons.