The initial value, also known as the starting value or y-intercept, refers to the value of a function when the independent variable (usually denoted as x) is equal to zero.
A constant function has the same output (y-value) regardless of what input (x-value) is used.
Dependent Variable: In mathematical equations, the dependent variable relies on another variable for its value.
An independent variable can be freely chosen and manipulated in an experiment or equation.