Tribune

Definition

A tribune was an elected official in ancient Rome who represented the interests of the plebeians, or common people. They had the power to veto decisions made by the Senate and other magistrates, which was a crucial check on the power of the patricians and helped maintain a balance in Roman republican government. The tribunes also had the authority to propose legislation and protect the rights of citizens, making them a vital part of Roman society.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Tribunes were established during the Conflict of the Orders, a power struggle between patricians and plebeians that lasted from 494 to 287 BCE.
2. The position of tribune was sacred; any harm done to a tribune could result in severe penalties for the offender, reflecting their importance in protecting plebeian rights.
3. Tribunes could summon the Plebeian Council and propose laws that directly impacted the plebeians, making their role significant in shaping Roman legislation.
4. They had the right to intervene on behalf of individuals against injustices, thus serving as a voice for the vulnerable in society.
5. The powers of tribunes were eventually expanded to include the ability to call for a meeting of the Senate, influencing broader political discourse.

Review Questions

• How did tribunes help shape the balance of power between plebeians and patricians in ancient Rome?
  • Tribunes played a crucial role in shaping the balance of power by representing the interests of plebeians against the more powerful patricians. Their ability to veto decisions made by magistrates and the Senate ensured that plebeian voices were heard and considered in governance. This check on power was essential during periods when patricians sought to dominate political life, helping to foster greater social equality.
• Discuss how the powers granted to tribunes evolved over time and what this indicates about changes in Roman society.
  • The powers granted to tribunes evolved significantly over time, reflecting changes in Roman society. Initially created to protect plebeians from patrician abuse, their authority expanded to include legislative powers and greater influence within government structures. This evolution indicated a shift toward more inclusive governance, as plebeians gained more representation and rights, ultimately contributing to changes like the establishment of laws that benefited a broader segment of society.
• Evaluate the long-term impact of tribunes on the structure of Roman republican government and its influence on later democratic systems.
  • The long-term impact of tribunes on Roman republican government laid foundational principles for later democratic systems. By introducing concepts such as representation, veto power, and advocacy for marginalized groups, tribunes influenced how modern governments think about checks and balances. Their role highlighted the importance of protecting minority rights within political structures, which resonates in contemporary democratic ideologies where representation is key to governance.

Related terms

Plebian: Members of the lower class in ancient Rome, who were not part of the patrician aristocracy and often sought representation and rights through tribunes.

Senate: The governing body in ancient Rome composed mainly of patricians, responsible for legislative functions and advising magistrates.

Consul: One of the highest elected political offices in ancient Rome, typically held by two individuals who shared executive powers and commanded the military.