Pineal gland

Definition

The pineal gland is a small, pea-sized endocrine gland located in the brain that produces and secretes the hormone melatonin, which regulates sleep patterns. Its function is influenced by light exposure and it plays a significant role in regulating circadian rhythms.

Related terms

Melatonin:

A hormone produced by the pineal gland that helps regulate sleep-wake cycles.

Circadian Rhythms: Biological processes that display an endogenous, entrainable oscillation of about 24 hours.

Endocrine System:

A network of glands in the body that produce and secrete hormones to regulate various bodily functions