The hyponychium is a dense layer of skin under the free edge of the nail. It acts as a barrier protecting the nail bed from infections and external damage.
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Nail bed: The skin beneath the nail plate that provides it with nutrients and support for growth.
Cuticle: The thin layer of skin at the base of the nail that acts as a protective cover for the new keratin cells emerging in the nail matrix.
Keratin: A type of protein that makes up nails, hair, and the outer layer of skin, providing strength and protection against physical and chemical damage