Nose

Definition

The nose is the external structure of the respiratory system that serves as the primary entrance for air and plays a crucial role in the sense of smell. It is composed of cartilage, bone, and skin, featuring two nostrils that lead into the nasal cavity where air is filtered, warmed, and humidified before reaching the lungs. The nose also houses olfactory receptors, making it essential for detecting odors.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The nose is divided into two halves by a septum, which is made of cartilage and bone, ensuring airflow can occur through both nostrils.
2. The internal surface of the nasal cavity contains cilia and mucus-producing cells that trap dust, pathogens, and other particles to protect the lower respiratory tract.
3. The olfactory epithelium within the nasal cavity contains sensory cells that detect airborne chemicals, allowing for the sense of smell.
4. The nose also plays a role in phonation by influencing how sounds resonate in speech due to its connection with the sinuses.
5. In addition to respiration, the nose helps regulate temperature and humidity of inhaled air, making it more suitable for lung function.

Review Questions

• How does the structure of the nose contribute to its functions in respiration and olfaction?
  • The nose's structure includes nostrils that allow air entry and an internal nasal cavity lined with mucous membranes. These membranes contain cilia and mucus to filter and humidify inhaled air while trapping harmful particles. Additionally, olfactory receptors within the nasal cavity detect odor molecules, linking structure directly to its dual roles in respiration and olfaction.
• Discuss the importance of the nasal cavity in maintaining respiratory health.
  • The nasal cavity plays a vital role in maintaining respiratory health by filtering out dust and pathogens through its ciliated lining and mucus production. By warming and humidifying inhaled air, it prevents irritation of the lower respiratory tract. This process not only enhances comfort during breathing but also reduces the risk of infections in more vulnerable areas like the lungs.
• Evaluate how disruptions in nasal function can affect overall health and well-being.
  • Disruptions in nasal function, such as nasal congestion or loss of smell due to infections or allergies, can significantly impact overall health. Nasal congestion can lead to difficulty breathing through the nose, forcing individuals to breathe through their mouths which can dry out oral tissues and increase susceptibility to infections. Loss of smell can diminish taste sensation, affecting appetite and nutrition. These disruptions highlight the interconnectedness of nasal function with general health and quality of life.

Related terms

Nasal Cavity: The space behind the nose that extends from the nostrils to the pharynx, lined with mucous membranes and cilia to filter and humidify inhaled air.

Sinuses: Air-filled cavities located within the bones of the skull that are connected to the nasal cavity and help to lighten the weight of the skull, produce mucus, and enhance voice resonance.

Olfactory Bulb: A neural structure located at the base of the brain responsible for processing odors received from olfactory receptors in the nasal cavity.