Emma Lazarus

Definition

Emma Lazarus was a Jewish American poet and activist known for her work that highlighted the immigrant experience in America, especially through her famous sonnet, 'The New Colossus.' This poem is best recognized for its depiction of the Statue of Liberty as a symbol of hope and refuge for immigrants arriving in the United States. Lazarus's contributions to both poetry and Jewish American literature have made her a significant figure in exploring themes of identity, belonging, and social justice.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Emma Lazarus was born in 1849 in New York City to a wealthy Sephardic Jewish family and became a prominent voice for Jewish immigrant rights.
2. Her poem 'The New Colossus' famously includes the lines 'Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,' which has become emblematic of America's immigrant heritage.
3. Lazarus's advocacy for Jewish immigrants fleeing persecution in Eastern Europe was deeply influenced by her own family's history and her commitment to social justice.
4. In addition to her poetry, Lazarus wrote essays and articles addressing issues such as anti-Semitism and the importance of preserving Jewish culture in America.
5. Lazarus passed away in 1887, but her legacy continues to resonate, especially with discussions surrounding immigration and national identity in America.

Review Questions

• How does Emma Lazarus's sonnet 'The New Colossus' reflect the values and ideals associated with immigration in America?
  • 'The New Colossus' by Emma Lazarus portrays the Statue of Liberty as a welcoming symbol for immigrants, emphasizing the nation's commitment to being a refuge for those seeking a better life. The sonnet's famous lines invite 'the tired' and 'the poor,' highlighting an inclusive vision of America that values diversity and compassion. This poem directly connects with the historical context of immigration during Lazarus's time, framing it as an essential part of the American identity.
• Discuss how Emma Lazarus's background influenced her writing and advocacy for Jewish immigrants.
  • Emma Lazarus came from a well-to-do Sephardic Jewish family, which shaped her awareness of Jewish identity and issues facing her community. Her upbringing allowed her to connect with both American society and Jewish traditions, giving her a unique perspective on the struggles of immigrants. This duality is reflected in her poetry and essays, where she passionately advocated for Jewish refugees facing persecution while also celebrating their contributions to American culture.
• Evaluate the impact of Emma Lazarus's literary contributions on modern discussions about immigration and national identity.
  • Emma Lazarus's work has had a lasting impact on contemporary conversations around immigration, particularly through 'The New Colossus,' which remains a powerful symbol of acceptance and inclusivity. Her emphasis on the immigrant experience resonates today as debates over immigration policy continue. By framing the Statue of Liberty as a beacon of hope, Lazarus challenges us to reflect on America's values regarding diversity and compassion, pushing for a narrative that honors our collective history as a nation built by immigrants.

Related terms

The New Colossus: A sonnet written by Emma Lazarus in 1883, which reimagines the Statue of Liberty as a welcoming mother figure for immigrants arriving in America.

Jewish American Literature: A body of work by American authors of Jewish descent that explores themes of identity, faith, and cultural heritage, often reflecting the immigrant experience.

Sonnet: A poetic form consisting of 14 lines with a specific rhyme scheme, often used to express emotions and ideas in a structured manner.