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😵abnormal psychology review

Negative alterations in cognition and mood

Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025

Definition

Negative alterations in cognition and mood refer to the changes in thought processes, emotions, and overall psychological states that can occur after experiencing traumatic events. These alterations often manifest as persistent negative thoughts, feelings of hopelessness, emotional numbness, and difficulty in experiencing positive emotions. They are significant components of various mental health disorders, particularly in the context of reactions to trauma.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Negative alterations in cognition and mood are core symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and can affect an individual's daily functioning.
  2. These alterations can lead to difficulties in relationships, as individuals may withdraw from social interactions or struggle to connect with others emotionally.
  3. Symptoms may include distorted beliefs about oneself or others, excessive blame for the trauma, and persistent feelings of shame or guilt.
  4. These cognitive and mood changes often accompany hyperarousal symptoms, such as heightened anxiety or irritability, making it difficult for individuals to find peace.
  5. Treatment approaches such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) are effective in addressing these negative alterations.

Review Questions

  • How do negative alterations in cognition and mood contribute to the overall symptomatology of PTSD?
    • Negative alterations in cognition and mood play a critical role in the symptomatology of PTSD by influencing how individuals perceive themselves, their relationships, and the world around them. These alterations can lead to distorted beliefs about safety and self-worth, increasing feelings of isolation and despair. The persistence of these negative thoughts and emotions can exacerbate other PTSD symptoms like re-experiencing and hyperarousal, creating a cycle that makes recovery more challenging.
  • Discuss the impact of emotional numbing as a negative alteration on interpersonal relationships for someone with PTSD.
    • Emotional numbing can severely impact interpersonal relationships for individuals with PTSD by hindering their ability to express emotions or connect with others. When someone feels emotionally numb, they may withdraw from friends and family, leading to isolation and misunderstandings. This withdrawal can create tension and frustration among loved ones who may feel rejected or helpless, ultimately straining relationships further and potentially leading to increased feelings of loneliness for the individual suffering from PTSD.
  • Evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions aimed at addressing negative alterations in cognition and mood in PTSD treatment.
    • Therapeutic interventions aimed at addressing negative alterations in cognition and mood have shown significant effectiveness in treating PTSD. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) helps individuals identify and reframe distorted thoughts while promoting healthier coping mechanisms. Additionally, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has been effective in reducing distress associated with traumatic memories. By focusing on both cognitive distortions and emotional processing, these therapies not only alleviate symptoms but also facilitate a better understanding of oneself, ultimately improving overall quality of life.