Autistic disorder

Definition

Autistic disorder, also known as classic autism, is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by challenges in social interaction, communication difficulties, and repetitive behaviors. This disorder is part of the broader category of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), which encompasses a range of symptoms and severities. Individuals with autistic disorder may experience varying levels of impairment and require different types of support throughout their lives.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The prevalence of autistic disorder has increased over the years, leading to better recognition and diagnosis rather than an actual rise in cases.
2. Symptoms typically appear in early childhood, often before the age of three, and can persist throughout a person's life.
3. Autistic disorder is diagnosed based on behavioral assessments rather than medical tests, focusing on specific criteria outlined in diagnostic manuals.
4. Early intervention programs that include therapies focusing on social skills, communication, and behavior management can significantly improve outcomes for individuals with autistic disorder.
5. There is no known single cause for autistic disorder; it is believed to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Review Questions

• How do the symptoms of autistic disorder differ from those seen in Asperger's Syndrome?
  • The symptoms of autistic disorder are generally more severe than those seen in Asperger's Syndrome. While both involve challenges with social interaction and communication, individuals with Asperger's do not exhibit significant delays in language development, which is a hallmark of autistic disorder. Additionally, individuals with Asperger's often have average or above-average intelligence, whereas those with autistic disorder may experience varying levels of cognitive impairment.
• Discuss the impact of early intervention on individuals diagnosed with autistic disorder.
  • Early intervention plays a crucial role in improving outcomes for individuals diagnosed with autistic disorder. Research shows that therapies focusing on communication, social skills, and behavior management can lead to significant improvements in functioning and quality of life. When interventions are implemented at a young age, children often develop better language skills and social behaviors, which can help them integrate more effectively into educational settings and society as a whole.
• Evaluate the role of genetic and environmental factors in the development of autistic disorder.
  • The development of autistic disorder appears to be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Genetic studies suggest that there may be hereditary components, as autism often runs in families. Environmental factors such as prenatal exposure to certain drugs or infections during pregnancy are also considered significant. Understanding how these factors interact could lead to better prevention strategies and targeted interventions for individuals at risk.

Related terms

Asperger's Syndrome:

A previously recognized form of autism that involves challenges in social interaction and nonverbal communication, but without significant delays in language development.

Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD): An umbrella term that includes several disorders characterized by delays in the development of socialization and communication skills, including autistic disorder.

Social Communication Disorder: A condition characterized by difficulties with verbal and nonverbal communication that is not accompanied by the repetitive behaviors typical of autistic disorders.