Structural inequality: The way in which social and economic inequalities are systematically built into the structure of society, affecting people’s access to resources and opportunities based on their race, class, or gender.
Urban sociology: A subfield of sociology that focuses on social relations and phenomena specific to urban areas, examining issues such as urbanization, poverty, and spatial segregation.
Social stratification: The ranking or categorizing of individuals and groups in any given society based on various criteria such as wealth, power, race, or education