Gamma rays (γ)

Definition

Gamma rays ($\gamma$) are high-energy electromagnetic waves emitted from the nucleus of an atom during radioactive decay. They have no mass and no charge but can penetrate most materials.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Gamma rays are more penetrating than alpha or beta particles, requiring dense materials like lead for shielding.
2. They often accompany alpha and beta decay as the nucleus releases excess energy.
3. Because they have no charge, gamma rays are not deflected by magnetic or electric fields.
4. Gamma rays can be used in medical treatments, such as cancer radiotherapy, due to their ability to kill cells.
5. In nuclear equations, gamma emission is denoted by $\gamma$ without changing the atomic number or mass number of the element.

Related terms

Alpha Particle:

A type of radiation consisting of two protons and two neutrons, emitted from the nucleus during radioactive decay.

Beta Particle:

A high-speed electron or positron emitted from a nucleus during radioactive decay.

Radioactive Decay:

The process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation.