Downs cell

Definition

A Downs cell is an electrolytic cell used for the commercial production of sodium metal by the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride. It typically operates at temperatures around 600°C to keep the sodium chloride in a liquid state.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Downs cell uses a mixture of molten sodium chloride and calcium chloride to lower the melting point.
2. Sodium metal and chlorine gas are produced at the cathode and anode, respectively.
3. The cell operates at about 600°C to maintain the electrolyte in a molten state.
4. Graphite is commonly used as the anode material, while iron serves as the cathode.
5. The process is highly efficient and is one of the primary methods for producing pure sodium.

Related terms

Electrolysis:

A chemical process that uses electricity to drive a non-spontaneous reaction.

Cathode:

The electrode where reduction occurs, gaining electrons during electrolysis.

Anode:

The electrode where oxidation occurs, losing electrons during electrolysis.