Erik Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development: Erikson expanded on Freud's ideas by proposing that individuals go through different stages of psychosocial development throughout their lives, each with its own unique challenge.
Jean Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development: Piaget focused on how children actively construct their understanding of the world through cognitive processes, suggesting that they progress through distinct stages of cognitive development.
Lev Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory: Vygotsky emphasized the importance of social interaction and cultural influences in shaping cognitive development, suggesting that learning is a collaborative process.