Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI): fMRI is a modern neuroimaging technique that measures changes in blood flow within the brain, allowing researchers to identify which areas are active during different tasks or states.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS): TMS is a non-invasive technique that uses magnetic fields to stimulate specific regions of the brain temporarily. It can help researchers investigate the causal relationship between brain regions and behaviors.
Electroencephalography (EEG): EEG is a method that records electrical activity in the brain using electrodes placed on the scalp, offering insights into brain waves and patterns associated with different mental states or processes.