Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated August 2025
Verified for the 2026 exam
Verified for the 2026 exam•Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated August 2025
Definition
MDMA, commonly known as Ecstasy, is a synthetic psychoactive drug that alters mood and perception. It increases the release of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine in the brain, resulting in feelings of euphoria and increased empathy.
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that regulates mood, sleep, appetite, and other bodily functions. It plays a significant role in producing feelings of happiness and well-being.
Dopamine is another neurotransmitter involved in motivation, pleasure, reward, and movement. Elevated dopamine levels contribute to the intense pleasure experienced with MDMA use.
Norepinephrine is both a neurotransmitter and stress hormone responsible for increasing attention and arousal. Its release during MDMA use can lead to heightened sensations and increased energy levels.