Deus ex Machina: Deus ex Machina refers to an unexpected event or character introduced into a story to resolve an unsolvable problem. It often feels contrived and can diminish the impact of the narrative.
Cliffhanger: A cliffhanger occurs when a story ends at a suspenseful moment, leaving readers in anticipation of what will happen next. It keeps them hooked and eager to continue reading.
MacGuffin: A MacGuffin is an object, goal, or motivation that drives the characters' actions but may not hold significant importance itself. Its purpose is to move the plot forward rather than being essential in its own right.