Isotonic

Definition

An isotonic solution has the same osmotic pressure as another solution, typically body fluids like blood. It is crucial for maintaining cell shape and function in biological systems.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Isotonic solutions have equal concentrations of solutes inside and outside the cell, preventing net water movement across the cell membrane.
2. Common examples of isotonic solutions include 0.9% saline and 5% glucose solutions.
3. Isotonic conditions are vital for intravenous fluid administration to prevent cell lysis or crenation.
4. In chemistry, isotonicity can impact colligative properties such as boiling point elevation and freezing point depression.
5. Osmotic pressure of an isotonic solution is the same as that of the reference solution, often making it ideal for medical applications.

Review Questions

• What happens to a cell when placed in an isotonic solution?
• Name two common examples of isotonic solutions used in medical settings.
• Why are isotonic conditions important for intravenous fluids?

Related terms

Hypertonic: A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution, leading to water leaving the cell.

Hypotonic: A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution, causing water to enter the cell.

Osmosis: The movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from a region of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.