From the College Board
👀 Develop Your Understanding of this unit
According to the College Board, "This unit explores chemical transformations of matter by building on the physical transformations studied in Unit 3. Chemical changes involve the making➡️⬅️ and breaking⬅️➡️ of chemical bonds. Many properties of a chemical system can be understood using the concepts of varying strengths of chemical bonds and weaker intermolecular interactions. When chemical changes occur, the new substances formed have properties that are distinguishable from the initial substance or substances.
Chemical reactions are the primary means by which transformations in matter occur. Chemical equations are a representation of the rearrangement of atoms that occur during a chemical reaction. In subsequent units, students will explore rates at which chemical changes occur."
🔎 Big Idea Questions
What makes fireworks explode?
Why is the mass of a raw egg different than a boiled egg?
What are the processes related to changes in a substance?
👨🔬What is Unit 4 About?
Unit 4 is about all of the chemical reactions💥 behind processes we see everyday! There are so many different types of chemical reactions and with this unit, you begin to understand the mechanics behind each of them🤓. There is quite a bit of math that comes with this unit as well. It also sets up the foundations for future units so it's best to nail 🔩 this unit before continuing on with the course.
🧠About 7-9% of the exam is about this unit!
📝Key Vocabulary
| Physical Change | Chemical Change | Synthesis Reactions | Decomposition Reactions |
| Single Replacement Reactions | Double Replacement Reactions | Combustion Reactions | Dissociation |
| Insoluble | Spectator Ions | Net Ionic Equation | Complete Ionic Equation |
| Stoichiometry | Titration | Equivalence point | Conjugate Base |
| Conjugate Acid | Limiting Reactant | Excess | Neutralization |
| Amphiprotic | Redox | Oxidation # | Protons |
🤔What you'll Learn
The difference between a physical and chemical change
The different types of reactions
How to write out a net ionic equation
What spectator ions are and what effect they have on a reaction
How to balance chemical equations
How to perform stoichiometry
How to perform a titration
How to identify conjugate acids and bases
How to find the limiting reactant (LR)
How to find the concentration of ions
Identify which elements were oxidized and which were reduced
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✍️ Free Response Questions
AP Chemistry Free Response Questions
- Overview of AP Chemistry FRQs
- Exam Format
- How to Ace the FRQ - Step by Step
- AP Chemistry FRQ Tips
- Concise and Clear is Key
- Stay Consistent
- Cash In On Credit
- Words and Symbols
- Know Your Chemistry
- Example FRQ - Short Answer (4 points)
- Break Down
- Scoring Guidelines
- Example FRQ - Long Answer (10 points)
- Break Down
- Scoring Guidelines
⚛️ Unit 1: Atomic Structure and Properties
🤓 Unit 2: Molecular and Ionic Compound Structures and Properties
🌀 Unit 3: Intermolecular Forces and Properties
3.6Deviations from the Ideal Gas Law
- When Do Gases Deviate From The Ideal Gas Law?
- Gas particles can become attracted to each other➡️⬅️
- Gas particles can make up a significant portion of a gas samples’ volume
- Graphically
- Correcting the Ideal Gas Law using the Van der Waals Equation
- Practice Question
- Diffusion and Effusion
- Diffusion
- Effusion
- Graham's Law of Effusion
🧪 Unit 4: Chemical Reactions
👟 Unit 5: Kinetics
🔥 Unit 6: Thermodynamics
⚖️ Unit 7: Equilibrium
🍊 Unit 8: Acids and Bases
Unit 9: Applications of Thermodynamics
🤺 AP Chemistry Essentials
🧐 Multiple Choice Questions
✏️ Blogs
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