Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Definition

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a type of RNA that, along with proteins, makes up the ribosomes. Ribosomes are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. rRNA forms the core structural and functional components of ribosomes.
2. There are three primary types of rRNA in prokaryotes: 16S, 23S, and 5S rRNA.
3. In eukaryotes, the major rRNAs are 18S, 28S, 5.8S, and 5S.
4. rRNA genes are highly conserved across different species due to their essential role in protein synthesis.
5. The process of rRNA synthesis occurs in the nucleolus of eukaryotic cells.

Review Questions

Related terms

mRNA:

Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

tRNA:

Transfer RNA (tRNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation.

Ribosome:

A cellular structure composed of rRNA and proteins; it is the site where protein synthesis takes place.