Mycology

Definition

Mycology is the branch of biology that focuses on the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties. It also examines their taxonomy, uses in medicine and food, and roles as pathogens.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Fungi are distinct from plants, animals, and bacteria; they form their own kingdom.
2. Mycologists study both macroscopic fungi (such as mushrooms) and microscopic fungi (such as molds and yeasts).
3. Fungal cell walls are primarily composed of chitin, unlike plant cell walls which are made of cellulose.
4. Many fungi produce spores for reproduction which can be dispersed by wind, water, or animals.
5. Some fungi have significant medical importance, such as Penicillium from which penicillin is derived.

Review Questions

• What distinguishes fungal cell walls from those of plants?
• Why is mycology important in the field of medicine?
• How do fungi reproduce?

Related terms

Fungi:

A kingdom of organisms distinct from plants, animals, and bacteria that includes yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.

Spores:

Reproductive units produced by fungi that can be dispersed to new environments for growth.

Chitin:

A structural polysaccharide found in fungal cell walls but not in plant cell walls.