Fungi

Definition

Fungi are a kingdom of eukaryotic organisms that include microorganisms such as yeasts, molds, and mushrooms. They play crucial roles in nutrient cycling and decomposition.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Fungi have cell walls made of chitin, unlike plants which have cell walls made of cellulose.
2. They reproduce via both sexual and asexual spores.
3. Many fungi form symbiotic relationships with plants, known as mycorrhizae, which enhance nutrient absorption for the plant.
4. Fungi are heterotrophic organisms; they obtain their nutrients by absorbing organic matter from their surroundings.
5. Some fungi can cause diseases in humans, animals, and plants; these pathogenic fungi include species like Candida albicans and Aspergillus.

Review Questions

• What is the primary component of fungal cell walls?
• How do fungi reproduce?
• What type of relationship do mycorrhizal fungi form with plants?

Related terms

Mycelium:

The vegetative part of a fungus consisting of a network of fine white filaments (hyphae).

Saprophyte: An organism that feeds on decaying organic matter.

Mycosis: A fungal infection in animals, including humans.