Camel Caravans: Camel caravans were the primary means of transportation along the Trans-Saharan Trade Route. These groups of camels, laden with goods and led by skilled guides, traveled across vast deserts, overcoming challenging terrain.
Ghana Empire: The Ghana Empire was a powerful medieval kingdom located in West Africa. It played a significant role in the Trans-Saharan trade by controlling and taxing the gold and salt trade routes passing through its territory.
Berbers: The Berbers were indigenous peoples of North Africa who played a crucial role as intermediaries in the Trans-Saharan Trade Route. They facilitated trade between Arab merchants from the north and African traders from the south.