key term - Late-19th century

Definition

The Late-19th century refers to the period from 1850 to 1900, characterized by significant social, political, and technological changes globally. This era saw the rise of industrialization, imperialism, and movements advocating for social reform, which reshaped economies and societies around the world.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Late-19th century was marked by a wave of European imperialism, with countries like Britain and France expanding their empires across Africa and Asia.
2. Technological advances during this time included the development of the telegraph, steamships, and railroads, which facilitated global communication and trade.
3. Social movements gained momentum during the Late-19th century, including labor movements advocating for workers' rights and women's suffrage campaigns pushing for gender equality.
4. The period saw significant political changes as many nations experienced revolutions or reform movements aimed at addressing issues like democracy and national identity.
5. Cultural shifts were also prominent, with new artistic movements like Impressionism emerging in response to the rapid changes in society and technology.

Review Questions

• How did the Industrial Revolution influence social structures during the Late-19th century?
  • The Industrial Revolution brought about significant changes in social structures by creating a distinct divide between industrial workers and the bourgeoisie. As factories grew, many people moved from rural areas to urban centers seeking jobs, leading to the rise of a working class. This shift not only changed daily life but also prompted social reforms as workers began to organize for better wages and working conditions.
• Evaluate the impact of imperialism on global relations in the Late-19th century.
  • Imperialism significantly altered global relations during the Late-19th century by creating new power dynamics. European powers competed fiercely for colonies, leading to conflicts and rivalries that reshaped international politics. This expansion often resulted in exploitation of colonized regions and fueled nationalist sentiments within those areas as local populations sought independence, setting the stage for future conflicts.
• Discuss how technological advances during the Late-19th century contributed to changes in economic systems worldwide.
  • Technological advances in transportation and communication during the Late-19th century revolutionized economic systems across the globe. Innovations like railroads and steamships reduced travel time and costs, enabling faster movement of goods and people. The telegraph improved communication efficiency, facilitating trade networks and investments. These developments not only stimulated economic growth but also encouraged global interdependence, setting up a foundation for modern economies.

Related terms

Industrial Revolution:

A period of rapid industrial growth that began in the late 18th century and continued into the late 19th century, transforming economies from agrarian to industrial.

Imperialism:

The policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, military force, or other means, which was prominent during the Late-19th century.

Social Darwinism:

A social theory that applied the concept of 'survival of the fittest' to human societies, often used to justify imperialist expansion and social inequalities during this period.