Pork barrel legislation refers to government spending that benefits constituents of a politician in return for their political support, either in the form of campaign contributions or votes.
Imagine going trick-or-treating at Halloween. One house gives out full-sized candy bars only if you promise to come back next year (and bring friends). The house is using 'pork barrel' tactics - giving out big rewards (candy) for future support (more trick-or-treaters).
Earmark: Funds set aside by Congress for specific projects or programs within an appropriations bill.
Appropriations Bill: Legislation that authorizes the government to spend money from the public treasury for specified purposes.
Lobbying: The act of attempting to influence decisions made by officials in government.
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