Pharmacogenomics

Definition

Pharmacogenomics is the study of how an individual's genetic makeup affects their response to drugs. It combines pharmacology and genomics to develop effective, safe medications tailored to a person's genetic profile.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Pharmacogenomics aims to personalize medicine by considering genetic variations in drug metabolism.
2. Genetic polymorphisms in enzymes like cytochrome P450 can significantly impact drug efficacy and safety.
3. Whole genome methods are used to identify gene variants that influence drug responses.
4. Pharmacogenomic studies often involve microbial genetics to understand gene-drug interactions.
5. Pharmaceutical companies use pharmacogenomics for drug development and to minimize adverse effects.

Review Questions

• What is the primary goal of pharmacogenomics?
• How do genetic polymorphisms affect drug metabolism?
• In what ways are whole genome methods utilized in pharmacogenomics?

Related terms

Genomics:

The study of the complete set of DNA, including all of its genes.

Pharmacokinetics:

The study of how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the body.

Cytochrome P450: A family of enzymes involved in the metabolic processing of drugs.