Lactic acid is an organic acid produced by certain bacteria through fermentation. It plays a role in maintaining the pH balance in various parts of the body, including the urogenital and digestive systems.
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Lactic acid is produced by Lactobacillus species, which are part of the normal microbiota of the urogenital tract.
In the oral cavity, lactic acid is a byproduct of carbohydrate fermentation by oral bacteria like Streptococcus mutans.
Lactic acid helps maintain an acidic environment in the vagina, which inhibits the growth of pathogenic microorganisms.
High levels of lactic acid in the mouth can lead to dental caries due to enamel demineralization.
Infections or imbalances in lactic acid-producing bacteria can result in conditions such as bacterial vaginosis.