A cofactor is a non-protein chemical compound that is required for an enzyme's biological activity. Cofactors can be metal ions or organic molecules, often referred to as coenzymes.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Cofactors are essential for the catalytic activity of many enzymes.
Coenzymes are a type of cofactor that are organic molecules, often derived from vitamins.
Metal ions like Mg2+, Fe2+, and Zn2+ can act as cofactors.
Cofactors can be tightly or loosely bound to the enzyme.
The absence of a necessary cofactor can render an enzyme inactive.
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Related terms
Apoenzyme: An enzyme without its necessary cofactor.
Holoenzyme: A complete, active enzyme with its bound cofactor.
Metalloenzyme: An enzyme that contains one or more metal ion cofactors.