A battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells that convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy. It typically has a positive (cathode) and negative (anode) terminal.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Batteries operate based on redox reactions, where oxidation occurs at the anode and reduction occurs at the cathode.
The standard notation for a galvanic cell (battery) includes the anode on the left and the cathode on the right, separated by two vertical lines representing the salt bridge.
$E^\circ_{cell}$, the standard cell potential, is calculated using $E^\circ_{cell} = E^\circ_{cathode} - E^\circ_{anode}$.
Primary batteries are non-rechargeable, while secondary batteries can be recharged multiple times.
Common types of batteries include alkaline, lead-acid, lithium-ion, and nickel-cadmium.