Anion
Definition
An anion is a negatively charged ion formed when an atom gains one or more electrons. Anions are typically larger than their parent atoms due to the added electrons.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- Anions are formed by the gain of electrons.
- Anions are attracted to the anode (positive electrode) in electrolysis.
- Common examples of anions include Cl⁻, O²⁻, and SO₄²⁻.
- Nonmetals tend to form anions because they have higher electronegativity.
- The ionic radius of an anion is larger than its atomic radius.
Review Questions
- What happens to the size of an atom when it becomes an anion?
- Name two common elements that form anions.
- Why do nonmetals often form anions?
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Related terms
Cation: A positively charged ion formed when an atom loses one or more electrons.
Ion: An atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.
Electronegativity: A measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons.
