Criminal Law
The incorporation doctrine is a constitutional legal concept that ensures that the protections guaranteed by the Bill of Rights are applicable to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause. This principle has been crucial in applying federal rights at the state level, making it clear that states cannot infringe upon fundamental rights such as freedom of speech or protection against unreasonable searches and seizures. Through this doctrine, individual liberties are protected against state actions as much as they are against federal actions.
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