The sodium-potassium pump is a mechanism in neurons that actively transports three sodium ions out of the cell and two potassium ions into the cell, against their concentration gradients, to maintain the resting potential.
A brief electrical impulse that travels down an axon when a neuron is stimulated and reaches its threshold.
Ion Channels: Protein channels embedded in the neuron's membrane that allow specific ions to pass through, contributing to changes in membrane potential.