A motif is a recurring element or theme within a literary work that helps to develop the overall meaning or message. It can be an image, symbol, idea, or even a specific character trait.
Symbolism refers to the use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities beyond their literal meaning. Symbols often function as motifs within a literary work.
Foreshadowing is a technique used by authors to hint at future events or outcomes in a story. It can be considered a type of motif that creates suspense and anticipation.
Allegory: An allegory is a narrative in which characters and events represent abstract ideas or moral principles. Like motifs, allegorical elements contribute to the deeper meaning of the work.