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Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Definition

GIS is a computer system capable of capturing, storing, analyzing and displaying geographically referenced information; that is data identified according to location.

Analogy

Consider GIS like Google Maps on steroids! Not only can it show you where things are, but it can also analyze and interpret the spatial patterns and relationships between different locations.

Related terms

Remote Sensing: The process of detecting and monitoring physical characteristics of an area by measuring its reflected and emitted radiation from a distance (typically from satellite or aircraft).

Cartography: The science or practice of drawing maps. GIS uses principles of cartography to display spatial data.

Spatial Analysis: A type of geographical analysis which seeks to explain patterns of human behavior and its spatial expression in terms of mathematics and geometry, that is, locational analysis.