Pulmonary anthrax

Definition

Pulmonary anthrax is a severe bacterial infection caused by inhaling Bacillus anthracis spores. It primarily affects the lungs and can be fatal if not treated promptly.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Pulmonary anthrax is also known as inhalation anthrax.
2. The bacteria Bacillus anthracis produce spores that can be inhaled and cause the infection.
3. Symptoms include fever, cough, chest discomfort, and severe respiratory distress.
4. Diagnosis typically involves chest X-rays or CT scans showing mediastinal widening or pleural effusion.
5. Early antibiotic treatment is crucial for survival; common antibiotics used include ciprofloxacin and doxycycline.

Review Questions

• What organism causes pulmonary anthrax?
• What are the primary symptoms of pulmonary anthrax?
• Why is early diagnosis and treatment crucial in cases of pulmonary anthrax?

Related terms

Bacillus anthracis: A gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that causes anthrax.

Cutaneous Anthrax: A form of anthrax infection that occurs through skin contact with spores, leading to localized ulcers.

Gastrointestinal Anthrax: A form of anthrax resulting from ingestion of contaminated meat, affecting the digestive tract.