The Pentose Phosphate Pathway (PPP) is an alternative pathway for the oxidation of glucose. It generates NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate, crucial for anabolic reactions and nucleotide synthesis.
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The PPP operates in the cytoplasm and is divided into oxidative and non-oxidative phases.
NADPH produced in the PPP is essential for reductive biosynthesis and maintaining the cellular redox state.
Ribose-5-phosphate produced in the PPP is a precursor for nucleotide and nucleic acid synthesis.
The oxidative phase of the PPP produces two molecules of NADPH per glucose-6-phosphate molecule oxidized.
Transketolase and transaldolase are key enzymes in the non-oxidative phase, facilitating the interconversion between sugars.