Lytic cycle

Definition

The lytic cycle is a viral replication process that results in the destruction of the host cell and the release of new virus particles. This cycle consists of five main stages: attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation, and lysis.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The lytic cycle involves the rapid multiplication of viruses, leading to the destruction of the host cell.
2. During attachment, viral particles bind to specific receptors on the surface of the host cell.
3. Penetration occurs when the viral genome is injected into the host cell's cytoplasm.
4. In biosynthesis, viral components are produced using the host cell's machinery.
5. Maturation and lysis involve assembly of new viruses and their release as the host cell breaks apart.

Review Questions

• What are the five stages of the lytic cycle?
• How does a virus attach to a host cell during the lytic cycle?
• What happens during the biosynthesis phase of the lytic cycle?

Related terms

Lysogenic Cycle: A viral replication process where viral DNA integrates into the host genome without immediate destruction.

Bacteriophage: A type of virus that infects bacteria.

Viral Genome: Genetic material (DNA or RNA) contained within a virus.