CJD

Definition

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) is a rare, degenerative, and invariably fatal brain disorder caused by prions. It is characterized by rapid neurodegeneration leading to dementia and motor dysfunction.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. CJD is caused by abnormally folded proteins called prions, which are infectious agents that induce abnormal folding of specific normal cellular proteins.
2. There are three major types of CJD: sporadic CJD (sCJD), familial or genetic CJD (fCJD), and acquired CJD (aCJD).
3. Symptoms of CJD can include memory loss, behavioral changes, poor coordination, visual disturbances, and eventually severe mental impairment.
4. Diagnosis of CJD often involves the use of electroencephalography (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cerebrospinal fluid analysis for specific biomarkers.
5. There is currently no cure for CJD; treatment focuses on alleviating symptoms and providing supportive care.

Review Questions

• What type of protein causes Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease?
• Name the three major types of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease.
• How is Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease typically diagnosed?

Related terms

Prion: An infectious agent composed of protein in a misfolded form.

Neurodegenerative Disease: A disorder characterized by the progressive loss of neuron function, structure, or number.

Sporadic CJD: The most common form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease that occurs with no known risk factors or familial history.