Al-Razi

Definition

Al-Razi, also known as Rhazes, was a Persian polymath and physician who made significant contributions to various fields including medicine, chemistry, and philosophy. He is renowned for his works on medicine, particularly his comprehensive medical encyclopedia called 'Kitab al-Hawi' (The Comprehensive Book).

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Al-Razi is credited with differentiating between smallpox and measles in his medical writings.
2. He wrote over 200 books and treatises on various subjects, with more than half dedicated to medicine.
3. Al-Razi emphasized the importance of experimental medicine and clinical observation.
4. He was one of the first to use alcohol for medicinal purposes.
5. His book 'Kitab al-Hawi' was translated into Latin in the medieval period and became a standard reference for European physicians.

Review Questions

• What are two diseases Al-Razi is known for differentiating in his medical texts?
• How did Al-Razi contribute to the development of experimental medicine?
• Which of Al-Razi's works became a key reference for European physicians during the medieval period?

Related terms

Ibn Sina:

A Persian polymath also known as Avicenna, recognized for his works in medicine such as 'The Canon of Medicine'.

Hippocrates:

An ancient Greek physician often referred to as the 'Father of Medicine,' known for establishing a code of ethics for medical practice.

Galen: A prominent Greek physician whose extensive writings influenced medical knowledge in both the Islamic world and medieval Europe.