Period

Definition

The period is the time it takes for one complete cycle of an oscillation or wave to occur. It is typically measured in seconds.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The period (T) is inversely related to frequency (f) by the equation $T = \frac{1}{f}$.
2. In simple harmonic motion, the period is constant and does not depend on the amplitude of oscillation.
3. For a mass-spring system, the period is given by $T = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{m}{k}}$ where m is mass and k is the spring constant.
4. For a simple pendulum, the period is approximated by $T = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{L}{g}}$ where L is the length of the pendulum and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
5. The SI unit of period is seconds (s).

Review Questions

• What is the relationship between period and frequency?
• How does changing the mass in a mass-spring system affect its period?
• What factors determine the period of a simple pendulum?

Related terms

Frequency:

The number of complete cycles or oscillations per unit time, usually measured in Hertz (Hz).

Amplitude:

The maximum displacement from equilibrium position in an oscillating system.

Simple Harmonic Motion:

A type of periodic motion where the restoring force is directly proportional to displacement and acts in the direction opposite to that of displacement.